What You Need To Know About Infectious Disease

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Global Challenges

National borders do not block the advance of infectious diseases. Learn how our modern way of life contributes to the spread and emergence of disease.

The rapid movement of people and goods around the world significantly impacts the spread of infectious disease. So do population shifts from the countryside to crowded cities. Discover how our modern way of life is contributing to greater exposure to pathogens.

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Climate Change

A number of diseases are highly sensitive to changes in the environment.

Rising average temperatures, changes in precipitation patterns, and other effects attributed to climate change are expected to influence the spread of infectious disease. Find out more about the connection between climate and disease.

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Ecosystem Disturbances

The clearing and settlement of tropical rainforests exposes woodcutters, farmers, and ecotourists to new vector-borne diseases.

When people move into new environments and are exposed to microbes they may not have encountered before, it can lead to the spread of disease. Changing an ecosystem by clear-cutting a forest or letting farmland revert back to meadows also has an impact. Find out how.

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Poverty, Migration & War

Pneumonia, diarrhea, and malaria are among the leading causes of death in the developing world in children under the age of 5.

Many living in poverty do not have access to clean water, proper sanitation, or much-needed medicines. Disruptions caused by migration, extreme weather events, and war lead to similar health challenges and add more. Learn how these circumstances make populations vulnerable to disease.

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Bioterrorism

The U.S. Department of Homeland Security identified smallpox, anthrax, Ebola, and plague as potential bioweapons of the greatest concern.

Deadly pathogens are highly accessible. With the exception of smallpox, they all occur naturally in the wild. Learn more about why, in some ways, biological agents are the perfect weapons of terror.

More about bioterrorism

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What do you know about infectious disease?

Which are examples of ways that pathogens (disease-causing microbes) can spread?

Sorry, that’s incorrect.

All are examples of ways that pathogens can spread. Coughing is an example of airborne droplet transmission; eating undercooked pork is an example of common vehicle transmission; a flea bite is an example of vector transmission; and breathing contaminated dust particles is an example of airborne transmission.
Sorry, that’s incorrect.

All are examples of ways that pathogens can spread. Coughing is an example of airborne droplet transmission; eating undercooked pork is an example of common vehicle transmission; a flea bite is an example of vector transmission; and breathing contaminated dust particles is an example of airborne transmission.
Sorry, that’s incorrect.

All are examples of ways that pathogens can spread. Coughing is an example of airborne droplet transmission; eating undercooked pork is an example of common vehicle transmission; a flea bite is an example of vector transmission; and breathing contaminated dust particles is an example of airborne transmission.
Sorry, that’s incorrect.

All are examples of ways that pathogens can spread. Coughing is an example of airborne droplet transmission; eating undercooked pork is an example of common vehicle transmission; a flea bite is an example of vector transmission; and breathing contaminated dust particles is an example of airborne transmission.
Correct!

All are examples of ways that pathogens can spread. Coughing is an example of airborne droplet transmission; eating undercooked pork is an example of common vehicle transmission; a flea bite is an example of vector transmission; and breathing contaminated dust particles is an example of airborne transmission.

Infectious Disease Defined

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID): Part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the National Institutes of Health, NIAID conducts and supports basic and applied research to better understand, treat, and ultimately prevent infectious, immunologic, and allergic diseases.

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Source Material

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The National Academies

What You Need To Know About Infectious Disease

Global Challenges

Globalization

Globalization

More than 3 million airline passengers cross international borders daily.

Climate Change

Climate Change

A number of diseases are highly sensitive to changes in the environment.

Ecosystem Disturbances

Ecosystem Disturbances

The clearing and settlement of tropical rainforests exposes woodcutters, farmers, and ecotourists to new vector-borne diseases.

Poverty, Migration & War

Poverty, Migration & War

Pneumonia, diarrhea, and malaria are among the leading causes of death in the developing world in children under the age of 5.

Bioterrorism

Bioterrorism

The U.S. Department of Homeland Security identified smallpox, anthrax, Ebola, and plague as potential bioweapons of the greatest concern.

Explore Other Topics

What do you know about infectious disease?

Which are examples of ways that pathogens (disease-causing microbes) can spread?

Infectious Disease Defined

National Academies

Source Material

Infection

Threats

Challenges

Prevention